Earth’s Atmosphere
According to a conservative estimate, there are between eighty and nine million species on Earth. Why is there life on earth? This is not a question of science. How is life on earth? This is a question of science and we human beings have been trying for centuries, not decades, to find the answer, and every moment that comes before us is opening up new aspects related to this answer. Life on Earth is flourishing very easily (what is the reason for this?) There are many reasons for this. But the main reason for this is “one” and that reason is the presence of the Earth’s atmosphere around the Earth.
Note: The atmosphere and atmosphere of this envelope around the earth. Called by both names.
Three hundred and forty-six years ago, in 1674, John Mayow discovered the existence of various gases around the earth. Back then, life was devoid of artificial colors, but it was John Mayow who discovered the atmosphere of the earth (which we also call the atmosphere) that colored life with natural colors. Then in 1913, two French scientists, Charles Fabry and Henry Buisson, discovered the most important and life-saving part of the Earth’s atmosphere, what we know today as the ozone layer.
The atmosphere around the earth is very large. The Earth’s atmosphere consists of various gases and dust particles. The Earth’s atmosphere contains 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. Argon is also found in 0.9%. 0.1% contains carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, xenon, krypton, neon, iodine, carbon monoxide and ammonia. This mixture of gases (and dust particles) is called Atmosphere. The humid part of the atmosphere also contains a small amount of water vapor. This atmosphere of gases surrounds the earth on all sides. In addition to these gases and water vapor, there are three other things found in the earth’s atmosphere. Tiny particles of dust rising from the ground that are easily picked up by the wind and then become part of the earth’s atmosphere. The second is pollen, which is small particles of salt rising with the vapor from the oceans, and the third is pollen. Becomes part of)
As we move away from Earth, the Earth’s atmosphere will change. Because of these changes in the Earth’s atmosphere, the variation in temperature, and the unique characteristics of all parts of the atmosphere, scientists have divided the atmosphere into a few important layers.
Troposphere
The First layer of the atmosphere is called the troposphere. This layer extends from the ground level to a height of 8 to 15 km. The thickness of this layer varies from region to region. This is where our weather, clouds and storms take place. Therefore, this part of the Earth’s atmosphere is always subject to climate change. This is where our planes fly. This part of the Earth’s atmosphere gets warmer near the Earth and cooler above the Earth.
Stratosphere
This part of the Earth’s atmosphere extends from the end of the troposphere to an altitude of 50 km above the Earth. Fighter jets fly in this part of the earth’s atmosphere. The ozone layer is found in this part of the Earth’s atmosphere. Which plays an important role in creating a favorable environment for life on Earth (the topic of the ozone layer will be discussed later)
Mesosphere
Would you like to sit in London and see something burning near the African forest? (Your answer, of course, would be “yes”) But before you answer, you must also think about how I started this thing in this astronomical article. In fact, the distance between the surface of the earth and the Mesosphere layer is more or less the same as the distance between Lahore and the Changa Manga forest. The mesosphere extends from 50 km above the ground to about 85 km. The temperature of the mesosphere is extremely low.
You must have seen meteorites burning in the sky many times in your life. Also called shooting stars and shooting stars. When rocks from space enter the Earth’s atmosphere and reach the mesosphere, they burn up. That is, whenever you see a falling star (burning meteor), the distance between that meteor and you (usually) is as much as the distance between Lahore city and Changa Manga forest.
Thermosphere
The name of this part of the atmosphere reveals its character. The temperature is very high here. More than any warmer part of the earth. If you have seen the lights at the Earth’s North Pole (Aurora), those lights form a halo of beautiful lights around the poles, forming a thermosphere layer here due to the collision of the sun’s solar winds and the Earth’s magnetic field. The satellites we send also orbit in the same part of the Earth’s atmosphere.
Ionosphere
This important layer of the earth’s atmosphere is found between the thermosphere and the exosphere. The ionosphere and the thermosphere can also be thought of as a single layer. The reason for the high temperature of the thermosphere is in this part. Why is it so hot here? Here the molecules of gases are converted into atoms and ions. Which creates heat. This part of the earth’s atmosphere is spread over an altitude of nine hundred and fifty kilometers. This part absorbs radioactive rays from the sun during the day, which begin to emit at night (this process is also driven by higher temperatures in this part).
You are currently chatting on the Internet, thousands of kilometers away from your loved one, you are currently reading this post on Facebook or you are watching international channels on your television through Dish Antenna. All this is possible only through radio communication. And this part of the earth’s atmosphere makes possible the radio communication system in our world.
Exosphere
This is the last and largest layer of our earthly atmosphere. It started after the ionosphere and spread to ten thousand kilometers. It contains the lightest (hydrogen and helium) gases.
The ozone layer
The light that comes to us from the sun has different colors. The wavelength and frequency of all these colors are different. The larger the wavelength of the color in the visible light part of the electromagnetic waves, the lower the frequency. The smaller the wavelength of the color, the higher the frequency. Ultraviolet radiations also come from the sun to the earth. They have a wavelength of 290 nanometers, which is very harmful to terrestrial life. The ozone layer is characterized by the fact that it contains three atoms of oxygen (O3) that absorb the radioactive and dangerous rays coming from the sun. Allows the rest of the light and intensity to reach us.
How important is it to have the atmosphere on any planet to keep its temperature in moderation?
We know that Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun. But there is no atmosphere on it. As a result, the surface temperature of Mercury reaches 430 degrees Celsius during the day, and due to the lack of atmosphere, all this heat and heat dissipates into space in a matter of moments as soon as the sun disappears. The surface of Mercury, which burns during the day, cools at night to a temperature of minus 180 degrees Celsius, like a solid ball of ice.
We are in a wonderful and rare place (Earth) in the solar system. Where we have all the natural resources to live our lives. But due to our spread of pollution, smoke, sparks of weapons and lack of forests, our ground environment is being destroyed. Protect your home “land”. It is not only ours, but also the home of our future generations.